Summary:  Global  Change and Environmental Hazards:  Is the World Becoming More Disastrous? 
 
Abstract 
Environmental hazards, originating from both natural and technological sources, occur in all parts of the world. Global environmental change has the potential to exacerbate the effects of hazards on people and the environment. Driving forces such as population pressures and technological change are making certain groups of the people more vulnerable to hazard events. The links among natural, social, and technological systems are highly complex and present several key concerns for geographers: 
  • Are societies becoming more vulnerable to environmental hazards and disasters? If so, which hazards may intensify in the future as a consequence of global environmental changes?
  • What social and physical factors influence changes in human occupance of hazard zones?
  • How do people respond to environ-mental hazards and what accounts for differential adjustments (in the short term) and adaptation (in the longer term)?
  • How do societies mitigate the risk of environmental hazards and prepare for future disasters?
  • How do local risks and hazards become the driving forces behind global environmental changes?
This module introduces students to complexities in the relationships among environmental hazards and global change and illustrates why the questions above do not have simple answers. 

Module Objectives 
By completing this module, students will 

  • gain a basic conceptual understanding of hazards, vulnerability, impacts, and mitigation strategies;
  • learn about the spatial distribution and historical trends of hazard events;
  • learn to assess how a number of social, (geo)physical, and technological factors are related and interact to determine the future prospects of hazards in a changing world;
  • actively engage with the material through  analytical, predictive, decision-making, and role identification tasks; and
  • learn to approach critically the subject matter of global change and hazards by appreciating the diversity in human perceptions, experiences, and representations of human-environment relations.
Skills 
  • decision making
  • writing in different genres
  • mapping
  • websearch
  • critical thinking/text analysis
  • basic numeracy
  • data plotting/graphing/scatterplot  interpretation
  • visual time series analysis
  • role identification
Activities 
Types of activities designed for individuals, pairs, small groups, and/or the entire class include: 
  • role plays/simulations
  • mapping
  • text/media/movie analysis (including newspaper and scientific articles, vignettes, personal accounts, fictional texts, cartoons)
  • group discussion
  • numerical exercises

  • graph production/interpretation
Material Requirements 
  • Student Worksheets (provided)
  • Suggested readings (some provided)
  • Access to the Internet/World Wide Web
  • Access to a variety of news media (papers, magazines, etc.)
  • Film (optional)
 Human Dimensions of Global Change Concepts 
  • vulnerability
  • environmental and human impacts
  • adjustment/adaptation
  • responses/mitigation
Geography Concepts 
  • scale
  • human-environment relations
  • perception
  • hazardousness of a place
  • hazardscape
Time Requirements 
2 weeks (some activities can be adapted to last longer) 

Difficulty 
Moderate. The module builds analytical, decision-making, and critical thinking skills. Students are asked to complete several numerical and computer-based activities with clear, step-by-step instructions.